Julius Caesar Essay example:
Julius Caesar was born in 100 BC to Gaius Julius Caesar and Aurelia. Julius grew up in the Subura District of Rome. His father died in Pisa in 85 BC while he was away on military duty. After his father’s death Julius developed a close relationship with his mother.
When Caesar was a young boy he had to flee from Sulla who was the dictator of Rome at the time. His family pleaded with Sulla to pardon Caesar. Sulla did so with reservations. He predicted Caesar would become a dangerous adversary.
Caesar returned to Rome and at 18 years old and his near death experience, he enlisted in the army. This was the beginning of his brilliant military career.
Eventually he became second in command of the Province Asia (Turkey). After two years there he returned to Rome. He was an officer of Crassus’s army against Sparticus and climbed up in the government by serving as Official in the Provinces. He got remarried to a wealthy woman and became allies with Crassus, then the richest man in Rome.
In 61 BC he became governor of Spain. He callously suppressed all resistance and went back to Rome a war hero. The consulate was to be his next goal. There were two consuls who held the power of state and were nominated each year.
The Senate did not want Caesar to be elected to the consul. The Senate tried to play Crassus, Pompeius and Caesar against each other. Caesar recognized what the Senate was trying to do. He formed and alliance with the other two men and bypassed the Senate altogether.
This alliance between the three men dictated Roman policy for the next decade. They shared all offices between them and their followers. Caesar became the next governor of Gaul Transalpinia. Caesar had three armies under his command. When Helvetti invaded Gaul and Italy, Caesar defeated him and acquired another army. After defeating Helvetti Caesar turned his sights on the Celts.
In 51 BC while still fighting some obstinate clans, he went to the Senate to extend his governorship another two years, which would allow him to run for consul in 48 BC. The Senate did not want to do this. Late in the fall of 50 BC the Senate decided Caesar and Pompeius were to give up control of their armies and provinces. Caesar’s followers tried to veto it, but the unfriendly consul ordered Pompeius to defend the Republic.
Caesar gathered his armies and went south. Caesar made another proposal; he would relinquish control of all his armies except for two. Pompeius agreed and the Senate demanded Pompeius to hold his ground.
Eventually the Senate stripped Caesar of all his offices and declared war on him. When Caesar heard this he gathered his army together.
Pompeius tried to stop Caesar. Everyone was afraid and would not have dared stand up to the experience Caesar’s army had. When the Senate found out about this they panicked and fled from Italy to Albania along with Pompeius.
Once in Rome, Caesar wasted no time taking control. He went to Spain and flattened Pompeius’s followers. After that he still had to contend with Pompeius. In Macedonia Pompeius had raised a massive army to try and defeat Caesar. Caesar sent his army to Macedonia and Pompeius fled to Egypt where his own men killed him. Caesar returned victoriously and was made dictator for life.
In March 44 BC during the Ides of March, Marcus Brutus, Gaius Cassus, Decimus Brutus and Gaius Trebonius murdered Caesar. Mark Antony, Octavius and Ledipus avenged his death and formed an alliance to rule Italy.
Eventually civil war broke out between the three men. Octavius won the battle over Mark Antony. Mark and Cleopatra tried to flee but Octavius was relentless and the couple eventually committed suicide. Octavius was Julius Caesar’s nephew and became the next ruler of Rome to carry on the Caesar legacy.
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