Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is defined as a developmental disorder characterized by distractibility, hyperactivity, impulsive behaviors, and the inability to remain focused on tasks or activities (Ford-Martin, 1999). However ADHD is multifaceted and lacks a single, universally accepted definition. ADHD is a chemical imbalance in the brain resulting in inappropriate degrees of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity; however these symptoms must be present prior to age 7 (Fewell; Deutscher, 2002).

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is estimated to affect 3 to 9% of children and troubles boys more often than girls (Ford-Martin,1999). However, the number of children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is rising. (Fewell; Deutscher, 2002). Signs of ADHD can occur as early as age two or three, but the symptom picture changes as adolescence draws near (Ford-Martin, 1999). Applying the 3% to 5% range to the 18.9 million children under the age of 5 years in 1999 we can estimate that 568,260 to 947, 100 children could show possible signs of ADHD (Fewell; Deutscher, 2002). (more…)